List of Tables

Table 1: Comparison of Properties of Various Engineering Materials
Material	Density (g/cm3)	Tensile Strength (G Pa)	Specific Strength (km^*)	Tensile Modulus (G Pa)	Specific Modulus (km^**)
^Specific strength = Strength/Density (also divided by force of gravity for SI units). Also known as breaking length, the length of fiber that could be held in a vertical direction without breaking. ^* Specific modulus = Modulus/Density (also divided by force of gravity for SI units). This measure increases with increasing stiffness and decreasing density. (KAI data)
Vectran NT	1.4	1.1	79	52	3700
Vectran HT	1.4	3.2	229	75	5300
Vectran UM	1.4	3	215	103	7400
Titanium	4.5	1.3	29	110	2500
Stainless Steel	7.9	2	26	210	2700
Aluminum	2.8	0.6	22	70	2600
E-Glass	2.6	3.4	130	72	2800
Graphite (AS4)	1.8	4.3	240	230	13000

Table 2: Average of Mechanical Properties of Vectran^® Filament Yarn
	Gpa	HT g/denier	ksi	Gpa	UM g/denier	ksi
(KRC data)
Break Strength	3.2	25.9	465	3	24.4	440
Initial Modulus	75	600	10760	103	838	1502
Elongation at Break, %	3.8			2.8

Table 3: Fiber Thermal Properties
	Vectran^®		Aramid
	HT	UM	Standard	High Modulus
¹Estimated from Figure 3 (KAI data)
LOI	28	30	30	30
M.P., °C	None	350	None	None
HAS (Hot air shrink, 180°C, 30 minutes), %	<0.2	<0.1	<0.2	<0.1
BWS (Boiling water shrinkage, 100°C. 30 minutes), %	<0.2	<0.1	<0.2	<0.1
50% Strength Retention Temperature¹, °C	145	150	400	230
TGA (20% weight loss), °C	>450	>450	>450	>450

Table 4: Equilibrium Moisture Regain
Temperature (degree°C)	Relative Humidity (%)	Vectran^®		Aramid (PPT)
Temperature (degree°C)	Relative Humidity (%)	HT	UM	Standard	High Modulus
(KRC)
20	65	<0.1	<0.1	4.2	4.1
20	80	<0.1	<0.1	4.8	4.8
20	90	<0.1	<0.1	5.4	5.5

Table 5: Vectran^® HT CTE at Various Temperatures
	Fiber Longitudinal Direction CTE (m/m-°C×10^-06)
(KRC)
Temperature Range	Vectran^® HT	Standard Aramid
-150 to 100°C	-4.8	-4.9
100 to 200°C	-11.6	-5.8

Table 6: Thermal Conductivity of Vectran^® HT
	Direction	Temperature °C	Density g/cm³	Specific Heat J/kg-°K	Thermal Conductivity
	Direction	Temperature °C	Density g/cm³	Specific Heat J/kg-°K	W/m-°K	10^-3cal/cm-sec-°C
(KRC)
Vectran^®HT	Longitudinal	23	1.4	1100	1.5	3.5
		100	1.4	1420	2.0	4.7
Standard Aramid	Longitudinal	23	1.44	1230	2.5	5.9

Table 7: Offgassing and Outgassing Test Results for Vectran^® HT Fiber
Vectran^® Fiber with:	TML%	CVCM%	WVR%	T
^* Test results exceeded precision limits required to produce a statistically meaningful average. Individual samples measurements: fiber without finish, 0.21 and 0.07%; fiber with T97 finish, 0.13 and 0.19%. ^** The contribution of benzyl alcohol to this T-value is 2.214. The concentration in the sample was 0.31µg/g; no measured SMAC value was available, therefore a conservatively low value of 0.14 µg/g was assumed. (KAI)
No finish	^*	0.00	0.00	2.226^**
T97 finish	^*	0.00	0.00	0.009
T150 finish	0.30	0.00	0.00	0.015

Table 8: Chemical Resistance Of Vectran^® Fiber
Reagent	Formula	Concentration (%)	Temperature°C	Time (Hours)	Fiber Strength Retention (%)
Reagent	Formula	Concentration (%)	Temperature°C	Time (Hours)	Vectran^® HT	Vectran^® UM	Standard Aramid
(KRC)
Acids
Hydrochloric Acid	HCI	1	50	100	100	96	93
		1	50	1,000	93	-	34
		1	50	10,000	84	-	16
		10	70	1	96	-	73
		10	70	10	93	-	26
Sulfuric Acid	H₂SO₄	1	50	100	99	99	98
		1	50	1,000	93	-	88
		1	50	10,000	85	-	28
		10	20	100	100	-	94
		10	20	1,000	95	-	90
		10	20	10,000	90	-	69
		10	50	100	98	-	86
		10	50	1,000	98	-	65
		10	50	10,000	82	-	12
		10	70	10	94	-	79
		10	70	100	93	-	19
		10	100	10	96	-	40
Nitric Acid	NHO₃	1	50	100	99	100	83
		1	50	1,000	97	-	29
		1	50	10,000	86	-	14
		10	70	1	95	-	60
		10	70	10	95	-	23
		10	70	100	92	-	5
Phosphoric Acid		10	70	100	93	-	46
		10	100	100	91	-	20
Formic Acid		90	20	100	96	-	93
		90	70	100	93	-	42
Acetic Acid		40	70	100	94	-	37
		40	100	100	90	-	22
Bases
Sodium Hydroxide	NaOH	10	20	100	97	-	68
(Caustic Soda)		10	70	20	66	-	21
		10	70	40	37	-	19
		10	70	60	32	-	17
		10	100	10	28	-	17
Calcium Hydroxide	Ca(OH)₂	saturated	50	100	96	86	93
		saturated	50	1,000	85	-	60
		saturated	50	10,000	9	-	20
Cement Extract		-	20	10	99	-	98
		-	20	100	100	-	94
		-	20	1,000	95	-	90
		-	20	10,000	90	-	69
		-	50	1	100	-	98
		-	50	10	99	-	94
		-	50	100	97	-	90
		-	50	1,000	79	-	59
		-	50	10,000	6	-	20
Organic Solvents
Acetone	Ch₃CoCH₃	100	20	100	100	100	99
		100	20	1,000	100	-	98
		100	20	10,000	99	-	99
Benzene	C₆H₆	100	20	100	97	-	96
		100	70	100	95	-	93
Carbon Tetrachloride		100	20	100	96	-	95
Ether		100	20	100	98	-	95
Ethyl Acetate		100	20	100	98	-	96
Toluene	C₆H₆CH₃	100	20	100	100	100	96
		100	20	1,000	99	-	98
		100	20	10,000	98	-	99
Methanol	CH₃Ch₂OH	100	20	100	96	-	94
Perchloroethylene		100	20	100	95	-	96
Formaldehyde		37	20	100	96	-	98
Ethylene Glycol	HOCH₂CH₂OH	50	100	10	92	-	90
		50	100	100	79	-	74
Ammonia Solution	NH₃	10	70	24	35	-	95
Salts
Sodium Carbonate	Na₂CO₃	1	50	100	96	100	100
		1	50	1,000	95	100	96
		1	50	10,000	80	100	67
Sodium Chloride	NaCI	1	50	100	100	99	100
		1	50	1,000	97	99	98
		1	50	10,000	95	99	97
Copper Sulfate	CuSO₄	1	50	100	101	100	100
		1	50	1,000	95	100	98
		1	50	10,000	90	100	68
Zinc Chloride	ZnCI₂	1	50	100	98	99	99
		1	50	1,000	98	99	98
		1	50	10,000	95	99	97
Oils
Mineral Oil		100	20	100	100	100	100
		100	20	10,000	100	-	100

Table 9: Comparative Testing of Yarn-on-Yarn Abrasion Resistance
	Average Cycles-to-Failure
Yarn	Dry	Wet
Test Method CI-1503: 1.5 wraps, 500g load, 66 cycles/min, no twist (KAI)
Vectran^® T97, 1500D	16672	21924
Aramid 1, 1500D	1178	705
Aramid 2, 1500D	1773	759
Aramid 3, 1500D	974	486
PBO, 1500D	2153	–
HMPE, 1600D	8518	23619

Table 10: Yarn-on-Yarn Abrasion of Vectran^® HT
	Cycles-to-Failure^*
	Dry Test	Wet Test	Dry Test	Wet Test
^*1500 denier yarns, no twist, 1 wrap. (KAI)
Test Load	500 g	500 g	800 g	800 g
Vectran^® HT	12987	30519	3581	16524
Aramid	939	3029	422	1719

Table 11: Braid Abrasion of Vectran^® HT^*
	Cycles-to-Failure^*
	Vectran^® HT	Aramid
^*Eight-strand plain braid, 64X1500 denier threadlines, All tests dry (KAI)
600 lbƒ Load
Without marine finish	286	83
With marine finish applied	1250	93

Table 12: Flex Fatigue Results on 1500D Yarn
Material	Cycles-to-Failure
Test Conditions: Tinius Olsen tester, ASTM D2176-97a, modified for yarn, 4.5 lb weight (KAI)
Vectran^® T97	115113
Aramid 1	5114
Aramid 2	40666
Aramid 3	1383
PBO	23821

Table 13: Flex Fatigue Results on 0.085” Ropes
Material	Cycles-to-Failure
Construction: Parallel core/extruded jacket. Test conditions: 0.085” dia. samples, 1.78” dia pulley, 100lb test load, 58 cycles/min., 5 tests/sample on cyclic test machine (KAI)
Vectran^® T117	41909
Aramid 1	2115
Aramid 2	14963
Aramid 3	8143
PBO	25158

Table 14: Fatigue Testing of Coated Fabrics
Base Material	Tenacity Loss at Failure Location 100 Cycles, %	Failure Location
(KAI)
Vectran^®	0.8	Away from Fatigued Crease
Aramid	22.9	At Crease

Table 15: Impact Resistance Comparison of High-performance Fabrics
Impact Energy (inch lbs.)	Vectran^®	Aramid
(KAI)
25	No	No
30	No	No
50	No	Penetration
75	No	Penetration
100	No	Penetration
125	Penetration	Penetration

Table 16: Audio Engineering Data For Various Metals and Composites
Material	Speed of Sound m/s	Density g/cm³	Elastic Modulus GPa	Modulus Rigidity E/?³	Internal Loss Tand
^woven fabric within epoxy resin ^*woven Vectran^® HT and NT blend within epoxy resin (KAI)
Carbon Fiber^*	6902	1.42	68	23.6	0.035
Paper (typical)	1781	0.50	2	12.7	0.040
Magnesium	5000	1.74	44	8.3	0.004
Vectran^®^**	4288	1.50	28	8.2	0.070
Glass	3216	2.00	21	2.6	N/A
PET	1802	1.38	4	1.7	0.010
Titanium	4773	4.54	103	1.1	0.002
Stainless Steel	5125	7.90	207	0.4	0.002

Table 17: Sintech Cut Resistance
Material	Denier	Relative Load
(KAI)
Vectran^® HT	1500	3.4
Vectran^® NT	1500	2.2
Aramid	1500	1.1
HMPE	1500	1.0

Table 18: Cut Resistance Of Spun Yarn
(Knit Samples From 20s/2s)
Material	Relative Load
(KRC)
Vectran^® HT	100
Standard Aramid	73
Polyester	4

Table 19: Vectran^® HT Tenacity vs. Twists per Inch (TPI)
TPI	400 denier tenacity gpd	1500 denier tenacity gpd
(KAI)
0	25.6	25.6
0.5	26.5	26.7
1.0	27.8	27.6
1.5	27.8	28.6
2.0	28.6	27.9
2.5	28.8	27.6
3.0	28.1	25.8
3.5	28.3	24.0
4.0	28.3	21.8
4.5	27.8	N/A
5.0	27.8	N/A

Table 20: Vectran^® Radiation Exposure
Sample	Twist (t/m)	Denier (dtex)	Before Exposure Tenacity (g/d)	Elongation (%)

Vectran^®HT	80	1,696	28.9	3.8
Vectran^®UM	30	1,589	23.9	2.6
Standard Aramid	30	1,748	22.7	4.5

Sample	Twist (t/m)	Denier (dtex)	Before Exposure Tenacity (g/d)	Elongation (%)	Strength Resistance (%)
Source: Soft X-ray Amount of radiation exposure: 9.6xE+06 (mR/h at 1m) This energy is equivalent to the 1800 times levels used in medical soft X-ray photography (KRC)
Vectran^®HT	80	1,691	28.4	4.3	98
Vectran^®UM	80	1,599	26.3	3.1	110
Standard Aramid	80	1,705	24.4	4.3	108